Types of passports in India: A complete guide for travellers

When it comes to travelling abroad, one of the most important documents you’ll ever hold in your hand is your passport. But did you know that there are actually different types of passports in India depending on the purpose of your travel and even your occupation? Whether you're a frequent flyer, a government official, or simply planning a dream vacation, it’s crucial to understand which passport type is right for you.

Types of passports in India

From regular passports to diplomatic and official ones, each comes with its own unique perks and requirements. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the different types of passports in India, making sure you’re well-prepared for your next journey, no matter where it takes you.

Blue passport

The blue Indian passport, also known as the ordinary passport or Type P, is the most commonly issued passport by the Indian government. It's available to Indian citizens and is used primarily for travel abroad, whether for leisure, business, or education. The blue passport symbolises your identity as a citizen of India and provides access to visa-free or visa-on-arrival travel in several countries. This passport typically arrives within 30-45 days. For faster processing, consider a Tatkal (urgent) passport or Short Validity Passport (SVP).

Along with facilitating international travel, the passport serves as a key identification document within the country. The document is issued by the Ministry of External Affairs, and depending on your age, it can be valid for either 10 years or shorter durations. Its rich blue cover with the National Emblem of India is recognized globally, representing India's evolving presence in the international community.

Orange passport

Introduced in 2018 orange Indian passport is a special type of passport issued to individuals who require an Emigration Check Required (ECR) status. This category typically applies to Indian citizens who have not completed their 10th-grade education or those seeking employment in certain countries, mainly in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.

The Indian Emigration Act of 1983 requires Indian citizens to obtain a government-issued emigration clearance before travelling to certain countries, including Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Qatar, Oman, Malaysia, Libyam, Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, Brunei, Bahrain, Sudan, Syria, Thailand, Yemen, United Arab Emirates and Afghanistan.

The orange passport helps Indian authorities ensure that citizens travelling to these regions for work are adequately protected from exploitation. It's a key document for those travelling abroad for employment, and the emigration process ensures that all necessary clearances are obtained before departure.

While it serves the same function as the regular blue passport for international travel, the orange passport highlights the importance of safe migration for labourers and workers from India.

White passport

The white Indian passport is a symbol of the individual's role in India's administrative and governmental activities on a global stage.

It is issued to government officials and individuals travelling abroad for official work on behalf of the Government of India. Known as the official passport, it is usually issued to members of the Indian Foreign Service, high-ranking officials and diplomats for official duties, conferences, or international collaborations.

The white passport ensures that officials receive certain privileges and are identified as representing the Indian government while abroad. Although it is issued specifically for official purposes, it also allows for international travel much like the regular passport, with added diplomatic recognition in some instances.

Diplomatic passport

The maroon diplomatic passport is a special type of Indian passport issued to diplomats, high-ranking government officials, and individuals representing India in foreign countries on official diplomatic missions. It is distinct with its maroon cover, symbolising the bearer’s status as a diplomat or a high-level government representative.

Holders of diplomatic passports are granted special privileges, including immunity from certain laws in the host country, access to diplomatic services, and expedited processing at international borders. These passports are typically issued to ambassadors, consuls, and senior government officials engaged in international diplomacy.

The validity of diplomatic passports is determined by the holder's position and the purpose of their travel. These passports generally have a shorter lifespan than standard passports, often expiring within five years or less.

e-Passports

A significant advancement is underway in India's passport system. While diplomatic passports have been electronic since 2008, a major milestone is approaching — the widespread availability of online e-passports to Indian citizens starting in 2023. These e-passports offer enhanced security and convenience.

E-passports feature biometric data, including fingerprints and iris scans, which significantly reduces the risk of fraud and identity theft. The secure chip within the passport protects against tampering and unauthorised modifications. Additionally, e-passports will streamline immigration and security checks, saving time for travellers. This transition marks a significant step forward for India, offering improved security and efficiency for its citizens.

Red India-Pakistan passport

The red passport, used during the Partition of India in 1947, was a special travel document issued to people migrating between the newly formed India and Pakistan. This temporary passport was introduced to facilitate the mass movement of refugees across the borders, allowing them to travel between India and Pakistan during one of the largest migrations in history.

It was vital for those seeking to reunite with family, resettle, or escape the violence that ensued during the partition. However, it was a short-term solution, meant specifically for this turbulent period.

The red passport was discontinued as both India and Pakistan established their respective immigration laws and border control systems. Once the governments of the two nations formalised their borders and introduced regular passports, the red passport became obsolete.

By the early 1950s, standard passport systems replaced these temporary documents, reflecting the growing stability of the two nations and the normalisation of international travel processes between India and Pakistan.

How to apply for a passport in India?

To apply for a passport online, follow these simple steps:

• Register on the Passport Seva Portal: Visit the official Passport Seva website and create an account.

• Select passport type: After logging in, choose either ‘fresh passport’ or ‘passport reissue’ depending on your requirement.

• Fill in the application form: Provide the necessary details in the online form.

• Upload the e-Form: Once the form is complete, upload it and submit the application.

• Pay and schedule appointment: Make the required payment and book an appointment at your preferred Passport Seva Kendra or Regional Passport Office.

After making the payment, print the receipt and take it along when you visit the Passport Seva Kendra or Regional Passport Office for your appointment.

Passport application fees in India

Types of Passport for a better preview of the table. 

You can also calculate your passport application fees on the official fee calculator at Passport Seva website.

Conclusion

With the right passport in hand, you're not just holding a travel document—you're holding a key that unlocks specific pathways suited to your journey. From the widely used blue passport to the distinct maroon diplomatic one, each serves a purpose that goes beyond travel, shaping your experience and responsibilities abroad. As India embraces the future with e-passports, travel is set to become even more secure and streamlined. So, next time you pack your bags, remember—your passport isn’t just for getting you from point A to point B. 

Frequently asked questions

Who gets a VIP passport in India?

High-ranking officials like diplomats and top government officials get diplomatic or official passports.

What is the colour of an IAS passport?

IAS officers usually have blue (ordinary) passports but can get white (official) or maroon (diplomatic) passports when on duty.

Which type of passport is best?

For regular citizens, the blue (ordinary) passport is the best and most common.

Who has a maroon passport?

Diplomats and high-ranking government officials hold maroon passports.

Where can you find information about Indian passports?

The Passport Seva Portal is the primary source for passport-related services, including applications, renewals, and guidelines. Additionally, the Ministry of External Affairs website offers further details and updates on passport policies and services. These websites are the most reliable sources for comprehensive and up-to-date information.

What is a yellow passport in India for Tibetans?

Tibetans seeking refugee status in India are often issued a yellow passport, which functions as an identity card for them. This special document allows Tibetan refugees to travel internationally, as it serves as proof of their refugee status in India. While it is not a standard Indian passport, it provides Tibetans with the ability to travel and access certain rights as recognized refugees under Indian regulations.